What does the Saffir-Simpson scale measure?

The amount of potential damage and flooding a hurricane could cause when it makes landfall due to the intensity of its winds.

Herbert Safir and Bob Simpson developed the scale in 1971. Simpson at the time was the director of the U.S. National Hurricane Center (NHC). In 1973 the scale was introduced to the general public.

The Saffir-Simpson scale divides hurricanes into five categories:

• Category 1 storm winds range from 119-153 km/hr (74–95 mph) and no significant damage is done to building structures

• Category 2 winds range from 154-177 km/hr (96-110 mph) causing damage to roofing material along with poorly constructed doors and windows.

• Category 3 winds range from 178-209 km/hr (111-130 mph). There is structural damage to small residence and utility buildings. Mobile homes and poorly constructed signs may be destroyed.

• Category 4 winds range from 210-249 km/hr (131-155 mph) resulting in shrubs, trees, and all signs being blown down. Mobile homes are destroyed and extensive damage is done to doors and windows.

• Category 5 winds greater than 249 km/hr (155 mph). When this category size storm hits only a few structures are able to withstand impact. The flooding of these storms cause major damage to the lower floors of all structures near the shoreline.